Cuticular protein gene LmACP8 is involved in wing morphogenesis in the migratory locust,Locusta migratoria

Cuticular proteins(CPs) are major components of the insect cuticle-associated organs such as integument and wings, although the importance of CPs for wing development and function in hemimetabolous insects remains understudied. In the present study, a wing cuticular protein LmACP8 was identified from Locusta migratoria, which belongs to the RR-2 subfamily of cuticular protein RR consensus(CPR) chitin-binding proteins. LmACP8 was mainly expressed in the wing pads and showed high expression levels before ecdysis of third-, fourth-, and fifth-instar nymphs, with its encoded protein located in the procuticle of wing pads and adult wings. Depletion of LmACP8 by RNA interference markedly reduced the amount of its protein, which consequently caused abnormal wing morphogenesis in the transition from nymph to adult of L. migratoria. We further demonstrated that the abnormal morphogenesis was caused by severe damage of the endocuticle in the wings. LmACP8 was suppressed by 20-hydroxyecdysone(20 E) in vivo, however, its expression was significantly up-regulated after knocking down the hormone receptor gene LmHR39. Thus, the LmACP8 that is negatively regulated by the LmHR39-mediated 20 E signaling pathway is involved in wing development during the nymph to adult transition.     

新型农业经营主体开展农产品电子商务的现状及问题探析

文章首先对家庭农场（专业大户）、农民专业合作社以及农业产业化龙头企业等新型农业经营主体开展农产品电子商务现状进行梳理,归纳总结了各类主体开展农产品电子商务的特点以及采用的电子商务模式。其次,从客观条件和主观意识2个方面,分析了制约新型农业经营主体开展农产品电子商务的关键因素。最后,从政府管理层面和新型农业经营主体层面分别提出了促进农产品电子商务采纳的对策建议,即在政府管理层面,要从人才培养、智慧物流、精准施政、第三方服务等方面扫清障碍;在新型农业经营主体层面,提倡品牌定位精准化、生产流程标准化、生产过程可视化、营销模式多元化、产品包装规格化,充分发挥新型农业经营主体在推动农产品电子商务发展和农业现代化建设中的示范引领作用。     

耐盐抗旱优质高产棉花新品种‘衡棉1670’的选育研究

抗逆优质丰产棉花新品种的培育及应用是当前棉花生产节水提质增效的关键。‘衡棉1670’是河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所以中早熟陆地棉品种资源材料‘衡棉210’为母本,以‘衡棉4号’为父本杂交,后代多年南繁北育,经旱棚盐池鉴定选择,在枯黄萎病混生重病地、不防治棉铃虫的高压胁迫下,经过多年连续定向选择育成。其突出表现为抗枯黄萎病、丰产优质、耐盐抗旱节水,适宜在河北省及黄河流域同类生态春播棉区推广种植,2019年8月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定（审定编号为冀审棉20190013）。     

TRMM降水数据在长江流域的降尺度分析与校正

在充分考虑2001−2019年TRMM 3B43降水量数据在长江流域适用性的基础上，基于地理加权回归模型（GWR），结合归一化植被指数（NDVI）、增强型植被指数（EVI）、高程、坡度、坡向数据，选取不同组合对19a内TRMM降水量数据进行降尺度，并对优选的降尺度数据分别进行GDA、GRA校正，最后在年、季、月尺度下进行精度评价与结果分析。结果表明：（1）降尺度数据与站点实测数据的R²、BIAS、RMSE满足精度要求的同时，空间分辨率由0.25°提高至1km，且TRMMNDVI数据精度优于TRMMEVI数据。（2）GDA校正结果优于GRA校正结果，且数据稳定性更好，更适于长江流域TRMM数据校正。（3）数据与站点实测数据R²在年（0.91～0.986）、季（0.704～0.88）、月（0.625～0.89）尺度上均有较高精度，细节特征较TRMM数据表现更好。（4）降水量越大的月份降尺度及校正效果越好。降尺度及校正后的TRMM数据能更好地反映长江流域真实降水信息，为农业生产、水资源优化配置、防洪减灾等提供可靠的数据支持。     

国审‘陇育5号’小麦丰产广适特性分析与推广应用策略

分析国审 ‘陇育5号’小麦丰产性、抗逆性、广适机理及推广策略,以期为北部旱地小麦高效育种和品种推广提供借鉴。利用多年多点国家北部旱地、甘肃省陇东片区域试验及高产示范资料,对冬小麦新品种‘陇育5号’的性状进行比较分析。‘陇育5号’多点区域试验、生产试验产量平均为4922.54 kg/hm²,比对照品种平均增产13.28%,增产点（次）率89.97%。有效穗数597.0万/hm²,收获指数39.6%,旱地产量潜力达6399.0 kg/hm²。成穗多与收获指数较高是实现‘陇育5号’高产潜力的基础,抗寒抗旱抗病、耐生育后期高温、粒重变异小是其广适性和大面积推广的重要保障。‘陇育5号’丰产性强,抗寒抗旱、综合抗逆性好,品质优良,适应范围广。在推广应用中,应采取项目推广方式,订单式原种生产,合同式良种繁育,“科研单位+地方政府+种业企业+示范农户”四位一体的推广模式。     

龙眼DCL4的亚细胞定位分析及其对外源ABA和SA的响应

为了研究DlDCL家族中DlDCL4基因在龙眼中的功能,本研究通过氨基酸序列比对、系统发育进化树的构建、亚细胞定位验证、实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）等方法,对其进行初步探究。结果表明：遗传进化分析显示,DCL4氨基酸序列在所选的物种间相似度高于50%,其中龙眼与甜橙（Citrus sinensis）的亲缘关系最近。在激光共聚焦显微镜观察下,洋葱细胞核发出绿色荧光,其他部位不发出荧光,表明龙眼DCL4蛋白定位于细胞核中。在24 h内,100 μmol/L的外源脱落酸（ABA）对 DlDCL4都有极显著的下调效果;100 μmol/L的水杨酸（SA）对其表达量有显著的上调效果,其中8 h时表达量最大,提示 DlDCL4对不同激素的响应效果不同且不同处理时长下响应效果也会有影响。     

不同季节高寒草甸牧草瘤胃发酵特性和体外消化率分析

本文旨在探讨不同生育时期高寒草甸牧草的牦牛瘤胃体外发酵参数及CH₄产量。通过测定返青期、青草期和枯草期3个生育时期牧草的营养品质、瘤胃发酵参数和CH₄产量。结果表明：青草期牧草总能（Gross energy，GE）、粗蛋白（Crude protein，CP）和粗脂肪（Ether extract，EE）等均显著高于返青期和枯草期（P<0.05）；青草期牧草在各发酵时间点的体外干物质消化率（Dry matter digestibility，DMD）、粗蛋白消化率（Crude protein digestibility，CPD）和有机物质消化率（Organic matter digestibility，OMD）均显著高于返青期和枯草期（P<0.05）；青草期牧草12，24和48 h瘤胃NH₃-N、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸和异戊酸含量显著高于返青期和枯黄期（P<0.05）；不同发酵时间牧草总产气量和CH₄产量变化规律为：返青期>青草期>枯草期。综上所述，青草期草地生物量最高，牧草营养品质和体外消化率最高，CH₄排放最低，瘤胃发酵模式最优。建议选择青草期牧草放牧。     

EPS364, a Novel Deep-Sea Bacterial Exopolysaccharide,Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Growth and Adhesion

The prognosis of liver cancer was inferior among tumors. New medicine treatments are urgently needed. In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide EPS364 was purified from Vibrio alginolyticus 364, which was isolated from a deep-sea cold seep of the South China Sea. Further research showed that EPS364 consisted of mannose, glucosamine, gluconic acid, galactosamine and arabinose with a molar ratio of 5:9:3.4:0.5:0.8. The relative molecular weight of EPS364 was 14.8 kDa. Our results further revealed that EPS364 was a β-linked and phosphorylated polysaccharide. Notably, EPS364 exhibited a significant antitumor activity, with inducing apoptosis, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Huh7.5 liver cancer cells. Proteomic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses indicated that EPS364 inhibited cancer cell growth and adhesion via targeting the FGF19-FGFR4 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that EPS364 is a promising antitumor agent for pharmacotherapy.     

高油酸花生品种开农1760产量及其构成的可视化分析

分析高油酸小粒花生品种开农1760的产量及其与农艺性状的关系,为高产优质育种提供有效指导。本研究以开农1760参加的2014-2015年河南省小粒花生区试数据为基础,运用GGE (genotype+genotype-by-environment interaction)双标图评价其丰产性和稳产性,利用R语言进行可视化的相关分析和通径分析。结果显示,开农1760的丰产稳产性综合排名第一,出米率的变异系数最小,饱果率与产量呈极显著正相关,百果重、单株生产力、百仁重、主茎高、侧枝长和结果枝数与产量呈显著正相关,结果枝数的直接通径系数最大,是影响开农1760荚果产量的关键性状。综上所述,开农1760丰产性好、稳定性强,适合在河南省大面积推广利用;在选育小粒花生新品种时可侧重做好对结果枝数的选择。     

Expression and mechanisms of hsa_circ_087631 in patients with primary biliary cholangitis

AIM To explore the expression and mechanisms of circular RNA hsa_circ_087631 in the patients with primary biliary cholangitis （PBC）. METHODS RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of hsa_circ_087631 in PBC patients and healthy controls. Hsa-miR-346-overexpressing lentiviral vector pLenti-EF1a-EGFP-F2A-Puro-CMV-MCS was constructed and transfected into human acute T cell leukemia Jurkat cells， and then the expression levels of hsa_circ_087631， Bcl-6 mRNA and interleukin-21 （IL-21） mRNA were detected by RT-qPCR. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to identify the interactions between hsa_circ_087631 and hsa-miR-346. RESULTS The expression of hsa_circ_087631 in the PBC patients was significantly increased compared with the healthy subjects. Hsa-miR-346-overexpressing lentiviral vector pLenti-EF1a-EGFP-F2A-Puro-CMV-MCS was successfully constructed. The expression of hsa-miR-346 was significantly increased after the hsa-miR-346-overexpressing lentiviral vector was transfected into the Jurkat cells， while the expression levels of hsa_circ_0087631， Bcl-6 mRNA and IL-21 mRNA were significantly decreased. After wild-type or mutant hsa_circ_087631 vector and hsa-miR-346 mimics were transfected into 293T cells， the results of dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that hsa-miR-346 significantly decreased the luciferase activity of wild-type hsa_circ_087631 （P<0.01）， but the regulation did not change significantly after mutation of the predicted binding site. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood hsa_circ_087631 level is elevated in the PBC patients. The hsa_circ_087631/hsa-miR-346/Bcl-6 signaling may take effect in human T cells. Hsa-miR-346 significantly reduces the expression of hsa_circ_087631， but it may not be regulated by predicted binding sites.